The body of data stored in databases is increasing exponentially. Microorganisms are metabolically diverse. Receptors detect changes in the environment. Enzymes have an active site to which specific substrates bind. BLASTn allows nucleotide sequence alignment while BLASTp allows protein alignment. Evolution occurs when heritable characteristics of a species change. Enzyme inhibitors can be competitive or non-competitive. Get the latest articles and test prep tips! The left cerebral hemisphere controls muscle contraction in the right side of the body and vice versa for the right hemisphere. The Malpighian tubule system in insects and the kidney carry out osmoregulation and removal of nitrogenous wastes. Natural selection can only occur if there is variation among members of the same species. Enzymes digest most macromolecules in food into monomers in the small intestine. A clade is a group of organisms that have evolved from a common ancestor. Success in plant reproduction depends on pollination, fertilization and seed dispersal. The various specific forms of a gene are alleles. TOPICS FOR 0620- IGCSE BIOLOGY EXAMINATION [ VALID FOR EXAMS UPTO 2022 ] 1. Monosaccharide monomers are linked together by condensation reactions to form disaccharides and polysaccharide polymers. Transgenic organisms produce proteins that were not previously part of their species' proteome. A. Epinephrine increases the heart rate to prepare for vigorous physical activity. Bones and exoskeletons provide anchorage for muscles and act as levers. BLAST searches can identify similar sequences in different organisms. The Bohr shift explains the increased release of oxygen by hemoglobin in respiring tissues. Many genetic diseases in humans are due to recessive alleles of autosomal genes, although some genetic diseases are due to dominant or co-dominant alleles. Transcription occurs in a 5' to 3' direction. Carbon dioxide diffuses from the atmosphere or water into autotrophs. Q. Energy released from carbon compounds by respiration is used in living organisms and converted to heat. There is a delay between the arrival and passing on of a stimulus at the atrioventricular node. Most flowering plants use mutualistic relationships with pollinators in sexual reproduction. HCG stimulates the ovary to secrete progesterone during early pregnancy. Crossing over produces new combinations of alleles on the chromosomes of the haploid cells. She graduated magna cum laude and scored in the 99th percentile on the ACT. Syllabuses (Curricula) for all subjects of GCE Advanced Level have been changed from 2017 for GCE A/L 2019 and 2020, 2021 and 2022 A/L students.If you are planning to do A/L in 2020 after your O/L examination in 2017 December, then you have to follow this new Biology syllabus. Stimulant drugs mimic the stimulation provided by the sympathetic nervous system. Hormones secreted by the pituitary control growth, developmental changes, reproduction and homeostasis. The Complete IB Biology Syllabus: SL and HL, Get Free Guides to Boost Your SAT/ACT Score, DNA replication, transcription and translation. Surface area to volume ratio is important in the limitation of cell size. I took IB Biology SL back in my high school days. Amino acids can be linked together in any sequence giving a huge range of possible polypeptides. Pathway engineering is used industrially to produce metabolites of interest. Carbon dioxide is produced by respiration and diffuses out of organisms into water or the atmosphere. Ethology is the study of animal behaviour in natural conditions. The muscle and elastic fibres assist in maintaining blood pressure between pump cycles. Ask questions; get answers. Chemoreceptors are sensitive to changes in blood pH. Absorption of light by photosystems generates excited electrons. Light energy is converted to chemical energy in carbon compounds by photosynthesis. Plant hormones control growth in the shoot apex. Members of a species may be reproductively isolated in separate populations. The 5 Strategies You Must Be Using to Improve 4+ ACT Points, How to Get a Perfect 36 ACT, by a Perfect Scorer. Imprinting is learning occurring at a particular life stage and is independent of the consequences of behaviour. Vaccines contain antigens that trigger immunity but do not cause the disease. See how other students and parents are navigating high school, college, and the college admissions process. Anesthetics act by interfering with neural transmission between areas of sensory perception and the CNS. Glycerate 3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate using reduced NADP and ATP. A developing neuron forms multiple synapses. The Group 4: Experimental sciences subjects of the International Baccalaureate Diploma Programme comprise the main scientific emphasis of this internationally recognized high school programme. A gene is a heritable factor that consists of a length of DNA and influences a specific characteristic. Here are the activities: Thinking about taking AP Biology instead? (Typically you don't choose, but rather your teacher does.) DNA is replicated before meiosis so that all chromosomes consist of two sister chromatids. Marker genes are used to indicate successful uptake. Individuals that reproduce pass on characteristics to their offspring. Cladograms are tree diagrams that show the most probable sequence of divergence in clades. Gametes are haploid so contain only one allele of each gene. The blackboard footer will center if disclaimer is not being used and the background will be one color. 6. Rods and cones differ in their sensitivities to light intensities and wavelengths. Hair cells in the semicircular canals detect movement of the head. Sensory hairs of the cochlea detect sounds of specific wavelengths. Mutagens, oncogenes and metastasis are involved in the development of primary and secondary tumours. Memory and learning involve changes in neurones caused by slow-acting neurotransmitters. Active transport is used to load organic compounds into phloem sieve tubes at the source. Plant nutrition. Cells can only be formed by division of pre-existing cells. Probes are used to monitor conditions within fermenters. Immature neurons migrate to a final location. Radiation and mutagenic chemicals increase the mutation rate and can cause genetic diseases and cancer. The tertiary structure is the further folding of the polypeptide stabilized by interactions between R groups. Changes to this syllabus for 2020, 2021 and 2022 41 Changes to this syllabus For information about changes to this syllabus for 2020, 2021 and 2022, go to page 41. Chromosomes replicate in interphase before meiosis. Methods have been developed for cloning adult animals using differentiated cells. The anterior part of the neural tube expands to form the brain. Online Microbiology and Biology Study Notes, Home » Syllabus » International Baccalaureate (IB) Biology Syllabus (Core+Options), Last Updated on July 2, 2020 by Sagar Aryal. Reduced NADP and ATP are produced in the light-dependent reactions. Natural selection can change the frequency of observed animal behaviour. The cerebral cortex forms a larger proportion of the brain and is more highly developed in humans than other animals. Gel electrophoresis is used to separate proteins or fragments of DNA according to size. Detritivores are heterotrophs that obtain organic nutrients from detritus by internal digestion. Animals such as reef-building corals and mollusca have hard parts that are composed of calcium carbonate and can become fossilized in limestone. 1st Year Zoology (Non-Chordata and Protochordata) Syllabus, T.U. Metabolism, Cell Respiration and Photosynthesis (14 Hours), Topic 10. Testosterone causes pre-natal development of male genitalia and both sperm production and development of male secondary sexual characteristics during puberty. Nerve impulses are action potentials propagated along the axons of neurons. Peat forms when organic matter is not fully decomposed because of acidic and/or anaerobic conditions in waterlogged soils. In glycolysis, glucose is converted to pyruvate in the cytoplasm. Cell respiration is the controlled release of energy from organic compounds to produce ATP. The two alleles of each gene separate into different haploid daughter nuclei during meiosis. 3. Check out our guide to cramming. Evolution requires that allele frequencies change with time in populations. Capillaries have permeable walls that allow exchange of materials between cells in the tissue and the blood in the capillary. Although the wording will look different in many places, the teaching content remains largely the same 2. removed and added topics, and moved some content from Cambridge International AS to A Level and vice versa; but the teaching time still falls within the recommended guided learning hours 3. numbered the learning outcomes rather than listed by letter… DNA differs from RNA in the number of strands present, the base composition and the type of pentose. Some neurotransmitters excite nerve impulses in postsynaptic neurons and others inhibit them. 2016 - 2022 IB Biology Curriculum ; Topic 1: Molecules of Life. Reproductive isolation of populations can be temporal, behavioural or geographic. The secondary structure is the formation of alpha helices and beta pleated sheets stabilized by hydrogen bonding. Gas exchange in humans The percentage of ingested energy converted to biomass is dependent on the respiration rate. Chi-squared tests are used to determine whether the difference between an observed and expected frequency distribution is statistically significant. Amino acids are linked together by condensation to form polypeptides. Some axons extend beyond the neural tube to reach other parts of the body. Estrogen and progesterone are secreted by the placenta once it has formed. A gene pool consists of all the genes and their different alleles, present in an interbreeding population. When was the IB ACIO 2020-21 Apply Online Begins? Mutation, meiosis and sexual reproduction cause variation between individuals in a species. Light-independent reactions take place in the stroma. Learned behaviour can spread through a population or be lost from it more rapidly than innate behaviour. Genetics and Evolution (8 Hours), Option A. Neurobiology and Behaviour (15 Hours for SL and 25 hours for HL), Option B. The first cells must have arisen from non-living material. The left cerebral hemisphere receives sensory input from sensory receptors in the right side of the body and the right side of the visual field in both eyes and vice versa for the right hemisphere. Taxonomists classify species using a hierarchy of taxa. Pathway engineering optimizes genetic and regulatory processes within microorganisms. 2nd Year Microbiology (Biochem, Biotech) Syllabus, Top and Best Biology Websites or Blogs according to Alexa Rank, https://www.ibo.org/programmes/diploma-programme/curriculum/sciences/biology/, https://blog.prepscholar.com/the-complete-ib-biology-syllabus-standard-level-sl-and-higher-level-hl, https://www.sdgj.com/ckfinder/userfiles/files/9a6ff27578e18e3f1023a4dc046beef1.pdf, Prokaryotic cells- characteristics, structure, division, examples. The breakdown of erythrocytes starts with phagocytosis of red blood cells by Kupffer cells. The sequence and number of amino acids in the polypeptide is the primary structure. . Excited electrons from Photosystem I are used to reduce NADP. For both levels, you'll also study one of the four options A-D (15 hours for SL, 25 hours for HL). Rhizobium associates with roots in a mutualistic relationship. The pancreas secretes enzymes into the lumen of the small intestine. ibresources.org is a student-led initiative to list and rank the top online resources and websites for International Baccalaureate (IB) students. Vitamins are chemically diverse carbon compounds that cannot be synthesized by the body. The supply of inorganic nutrients is maintained by nutrient cycling. Mitosis and cell division in the shoot apex provide cells needed for extension of the stem and development of leaves. Bipolar cells send the impulses from rods and cones to ganglion cells. Skeletal muscle fibres are multinucleate and contain specialized. Many plant species and some animal species have natural methods of cloning. Lab work in class counts towards these hours, A lab project along with a report that counts as 20% of your IB exam scores (written exam counts for the other 80%). Limiting factors can be top down or bottom up. The amino acid sequence of polypeptides is determined by mRNA according to the genetic code. Studying for the SAT? DNA profiling involves comparison of DNA. Visible light has a range of wavelengths with violet the shortest wavelength and red the longest. Carbon dioxide is transformed in red blood cells into hydrogencarbonate ions. Conditions are maintained at optimal levels for the growth of the microorganisms being cultured. Disturbance influences the structure and rate of change within ecosystems. Check out our guide to finding your target school. The genome is the whole of the genetic information of an organism. Want to build the best possible college application? A gene occupies a specific position on a chromosome. The liver removes toxins from the blood and detoxifies them. biology syllabus last examination 2022 it gives teachers everything they need to teach the syllabus and save time including extensive lesson ideas outlines of practicals ... aged 14 16 including uk gcse cambridge igcser and ib myp the book should be used the complete biology for igcse teachers resource pack provides invaluable support for The contraction of circular and longitudinal muscle of the small intestine mixes the food with enzymes and moves it along the gut. Students are separated into groups and must conduct an experiment and write a report. Exocrine glands secrete to the surface of the body or the lumen of the gut. Components of red blood cells are recycled by the liver. Check out our complete guide to the SAT. The phenotypes of polygenic characteristics tend to show continuous variation. This syllabus is available to private candidates. Birth is mediated by positive feedback involving estrogen and oxytocin. Interphase is a very active phase of the cell cycle with many processes occurring in the nucleus and cytoplasm. We know what kinds of students colleges want to admit. Excited electrons from Photosystem II are used to contribute to generate a proton gradient. Fusion of gametes results in diploid zygotes with two alleles of each gene that may be the same allele or different alleles. Plants transport organic compounds from sources to sinks. 0000019892 00000 n IB music higher level subject brief The IB Diploma Programme, for students aged 16 to 19, is an academically challenging and balanced programme of education that prepares students for success at university and life beyond. Any textbooks endorsed to support the syllabus for examination from 2015 are still suitable for use with this syllabus. A karyogram shows the chromosomes of an organism in homologous pairs of decreasing length. ACT Writing: 15 Tips to Raise Your Essay Score, How to Get Into Harvard and the Ivy League, Is the ACT easier than the SAT? An action potential consists of depolarization and repolarization of the neuron. Unsaturated fatty acids can be cis or trans isomers. Bio. Mitosis is division of the nucleus into two genetically identical daughter nuclei. Immobilized enzymes are widely used in industry. Microorganisms in fermenters become limited by their own waste products. Water molecules are polar and hydrogen bonds form between them. Brain metabolism requires large energy inputs. Triglycerides are formed by condensation from three fatty acids and one glycerol. Is produced from organic matter by osmosis water uptake by osmosis comparison of sequences from parents. Its cells by vectors ( Core+Options ), T.U in antagonistic pairs physical.! Background will be one color and can not convert heat to other sequences that control its.. 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